Alloy Steel

ASTM A213 T2 Boiler Tube

High-Pressure Ferritic Alloy Steel UNS K11547 Seamless Superheater & Heat Exchanger Tubes

Grade ASTM A213 Grade T2 / ASME SA213 Grade T2 (UNS K11547, 0.5Cr-0.5Mo, 12CrMo, 1.7335 Equivalent)
Standard ASTM A213, ASME SA213, ASTM A450, ASME B36.10M, IBR (Indian Boiler Regulations), EN 10216-2, GOST 550-75
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Product Overview

Om Export India Pvt Ltd is an established manufacturer, stockist, and global exporter of ASTM A213 T2 Alloy Steel Seamless Tubes (ASME SA213 Grade T2 / UNS K11547). Engineered with a nominal alloy composition of 0.50%–0.81% Chromium and 0.44%–0.65% Molybdenum, Grade T2 is a specialized low-alloy ferritic steel designed for high-temperature superheaters, boiler banks, economizers, condensers, and heat exchanger circuits operating under severe elevated thermal and cyclic mechanical loads.

The balanced addition of Chromium provides essential protection against surface scaling and oxidative degradation at high operating temperatures, while Molybdenum enhances resistance to high-temperature creep deformation and microstructural dissociation. Fully certified to Indian Boiler Regulations (IBR) and international pressure vessel standards, our SA213 T2 seamless tubing undergoes rigorous cold drawing or hot finishing processes followed by full isothermal annealing or subcritical tempering to achieve superior ductility and formability for expanding, flanging, and U-bending operations.

  • Creep & Thermal Resistance: Delivers sustained structural integrity under high pressure and thermal cycling without premature wall thinning or graphitization.
  • IBR Form III-D Certified: Fully certified under Indian Boiler Regulations for high-pressure boilers, steam headers, and superheater loops.
  • Dimensional Precision: Precision cold-drawn processing provides tight wall thickness and outside diameter tolerances (±0.10 mm) for leak-free rolling into tubesheets.

Key Features

  • Creep Rupture Strength: Molybdenum addition prevents microstructural softening and creep under continuous elevated steam service.
  • Oxidation Protection: 0.5% Chromium matrix resists scaling, soot corrosion, and hot gas degradation.
  • Superior Ductility: High elongation (≥30%) enables precision roller expansion, swaging, and cold bending into complex U-tube bundles.
  • Tight Dimensional Accuracy: Precise outer diameter and wall thickness tolerances compliant with ASTM A450 standards.
  • Internal Cleanliness: Bright annealed or pickled internal surfaces ensure low pressure drops and resist fouling in condenser lines.
  • Versatile Sizing: Available from small bore instrumentation sizes up to large diameter superheater headers.

Product Specifications

Parameter Standard Specification / Technical Value
Outside Diameter (OD) 6.35 mm to 101.60 mm (1/4" to 4" OD) / Custom up to 228.6 mm for Hot Finished
Wall Thickness (WT) 0.028" to 0.750" (0.71 mm to 19.05 mm) / 10 SWG to 20 SWG / SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160
Manufacturing Methods Cold Drawn Seamless (CDS) and Hot Finished Seamless (HFS)
Heat Treatment Full Annealed, Isothermal Annealed, or Normalized & Tempered (Min Tempering: 1200°F / 650°C)
Standard Lengths Single Random, Double Random, Standard 6m / 12m, Continuous Lengths up to 25,000 mm (25m)
End Configurations Plain Square Cut End (PE), Beveled End (BE 30°/37.5°), Threaded & Coupled
Design Temperature & Pressure Elevated thermal operations up to 550°C; certified for hydraulic working pressures >30 bar
Testing & Compliance IBR Certified (Form III-D / III-A), 100% Eddy Current / Ultrasonic, EN 10204 Type 3.1 & 3.2

Dimensions & Sizes

Outside Diameter (OD in / mm) Wall Thickness (WT in / mm / SWG) Inside Diameter (ID in / mm) Weight per Foot (lb/ft) Weight per Meter (kg/m)
1/4" OD (6.35 mm) 0.028" (0.71 mm / 22 SWG) 0.194" (4.93 mm) 0.067 lb/ft 0.100 kg/m
1/4" OD (6.35 mm) 0.035" (0.89 mm / 20 SWG) 0.180" (4.57 mm) 0.080 lb/ft 0.119 kg/m
1/4" OD (6.35 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.152" (3.87 mm) 0.105 lb/ft 0.156 kg/m
3/8" OD (9.53 mm) 0.035" (0.89 mm / 20 SWG) 0.305" (7.75 mm) 0.127 lb/ft 0.189 kg/m
3/8" OD (9.53 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.277" (7.05 mm) 0.171 lb/ft 0.254 kg/m
3/8" OD (9.53 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 0.245" (6.23 mm) 0.215 lb/ft 0.320 kg/m
1/2" OD (12.70 mm) 0.035" (0.89 mm / 20 SWG) 0.430" (10.92 mm) 0.174 lb/ft 0.259 kg/m
1/2" OD (12.70 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.402" (10.22 mm) 0.236 lb/ft 0.351 kg/m
1/2" OD (12.70 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 0.370" (9.40 mm) 0.302 lb/ft 0.449 kg/m
1/2" OD (12.70 mm) 0.083" (2.11 mm / 14 SWG) 0.334" (8.48 mm) 0.370 lb/ft 0.551 kg/m
5/8" OD (15.88 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.527" (13.40 mm) 0.301 lb/ft 0.448 kg/m
5/8" OD (15.88 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 0.495" (12.58 mm) 0.389 lb/ft 0.579 kg/m
3/4" OD (19.05 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.652" (16.57 mm) 0.367 lb/ft 0.546 kg/m
3/4" OD (19.05 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 0.620" (15.75 mm) 0.476 lb/ft 0.708 kg/m
3/4" OD (19.05 mm) 0.083" (2.11 mm / 14 SWG) 0.584" (14.83 mm) 0.592 lb/ft 0.881 kg/m
3/4" OD (19.05 mm) 0.109" (2.77 mm / 12 SWG) 0.532" (13.51 mm) 0.746 lb/ft 1.110 kg/m
1" OD (25.40 mm) 0.049" (1.24 mm / 18 SWG) 0.902" (22.92 mm) 0.498 lb/ft 0.741 kg/m
1" OD (25.40 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 0.870" (22.10 mm) 0.649 lb/ft 0.966 kg/m
1" OD (25.40 mm) 0.083" (2.11 mm / 14 SWG) 0.834" (21.18 mm) 0.813 lb/ft 1.210 kg/m
1" OD (25.40 mm) 0.109" (2.77 mm / 12 SWG) 0.782" (19.86 mm) 1.037 lb/ft 1.543 kg/m
1-1/4" OD (31.75 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 1.120" (28.45 mm) 0.823 lb/ft 1.225 kg/m
1-1/4" OD (31.75 mm) 0.095" (2.41 mm / 13 SWG) 1.060" (26.93 mm) 1.172 lb/ft 1.744 kg/m
1-1/2" OD (38.10 mm) 0.065" (1.65 mm / 16 SWG) 1.370" (34.80 mm) 0.996 lb/ft 1.482 kg/m
1-1/2" OD (38.10 mm) 0.120" (3.05 mm / 11 SWG) 1.260" (32.00 mm) 1.769 lb/ft 2.632 kg/m
2" OD (50.80 mm) 0.083" (2.11 mm / 14 SWG) 1.834" (46.58 mm) 1.698 lb/ft 2.527 kg/m
2" OD (50.80 mm) 0.120" (3.05 mm / 11 SWG) 1.760" (44.70 mm) 2.410 lb/ft 3.586 kg/m

Chemical Composition

Element ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 Grade T2 Composition (%)
Carbon (C) 0.10 – 0.20
Manganese (Mn) 0.30 – 0.61
Phosphorus (P, Max) 0.025
Sulfur (S, Max) 0.025
Silicon (Si) 0.10 – 0.30
Chromium (Cr) 0.50 – 0.81
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.44 – 0.65

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Property Specified Standard Value (ASTM A213 T2 / UNS K11547)
Tensile Strength (Min) 415 MPa (60 ksi / 60,000 psi)
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset, Min) 205 MPa (30 ksi / 30,000 psi)
Elongation in 2 inches / 50 mm (Min) Longitudinal: 30% Min | Transverse: 20% Min
Hardness (Brinell / Rockwell, Max) 163 HBW Max / 85 HRB Max
Flattening Test Satisfies ASTM A450/A1016 without evidence of cracking or fissures
Flaring / Expansion Test Minimum 30% expansion over tapered mandrel without surface tearing

Standards & Specifications

Standard Designation Governing Body / Region Grade / Material Scope
ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 ASTM / ASME (USA) Grade T2 (UNS K11547) – Seamless Ferritic Boiler, Superheater & Heat Exchanger Tubes
ASTM A335 / ASME SA335 ASTM / ASME (USA) Grade P2 (Nominal Pipe Equivalent)
Indian Boiler Regulations (IBR) Central Boilers Board (India) IBR Certified SA213 Grade T2 Pressure Tubing
EN 10216-2 European Union 12CrMo / 1.7335 Seamless Steel Tubes for Pressure Purposes
GOST 550-75 GOST (Russia / CIS) 12ChM / 12ХМ Seamless Steel Tubes for Petroleum & Chemical Industries
ASTM A450 / A1016 ASTM International Standard Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel Tubes

Applications

ASTM A213 T2 ferritic alloy steel seamless tubes are deployed across thermal utilities, industrial steam generation, and heavy process units:

  • Industrial & Utility Boilers: Superheater tube banks, reheater coils, economizer tubing, water walls, and steam drum riser tubes under IBR compliance.
  • Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers: High-temperature transfer tubes, preheaters, and process gas condensers.
  • Power Generation & Nuclear Facilities: Main steam transfer lines, auxiliary heating loops, and boiler feed water preheating circuits.
  • Petrochemical & Refining Plants: High-pressure thermal cracking coils, reformer furnaces, and gas cooler heat exchangers.
  • Small Bore Instrumentation: Heavy-wall small diameter hydraulic impulse tubing for extreme pressure applications in hazardous environments.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the main metallurgical difference between ASTM A213 T2 and T11/T22 tubes?
ASTM A213 T2 contains 0.5% Chromium and 0.5% Molybdenum, whereas T11 contains 1.25% Cr – 0.5% Mo and T22 contains 2.25% Cr – 1.0% Mo. Grade T2 provides an economical balance of creep resistance and thermal efficiency for intermediate-temperature boiler zones where high chromium levels are not necessary.

Q2: Why are cold-drawn ASTM A213 T2 tubes preferred for heat exchangers over hot-finished tubes?
Cold-drawn seamless (CDS) tubes deliver superior dimensional tolerances (±0.10 mm OD), smoother internal/external surface finishes, and uniform wall thicknesses, ensuring tighter tube-to-tubesheet joint sealing during roller expansion.

Q3: What does IBR Form III-D certification provide for SA213 T2 boiler tubes?
IBR Form III-D is the statutory certificate issued under the Indian Boiler Regulations verifying that seamless boiler tubes have undergone complete chemical analysis, room/elevated temperature mechanical testing, hydrostatic testing, and non-destructive examination under the supervision of an authorized IBR inspection authority.

Q4: Can ASTM A213 T2 tubes be welded and cold bent easily on-site?
Yes, because of its low-alloy composition and controlled carbon content (≤0.20%), SA213 T2 provides good weldability with matching AWS E7018-A1 or ER70S-A2 consumables and allows seamless tight-radius cold U-bending.

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